Dubai, renowned for its luxury and innovation, recently encountered a significant challenge: unprecedented floods due to heavy rains. In April 2024, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) experienced its heaviest rainfall in 75 years, straining Dubai’s infrastructure and impacting residents. What caused this deluge, and how is Dubai preparing for future climate-related events?

Dubai, usually receiving less than 100mm (3.9 inches) of rain annually, faced an extraordinary weather phenomenon. In just 24 hours, over 256mm (10 inches) of rain hit Al-Ain, about 100km (62 miles) from Dubai. This was caused by a “cut off” low-pressure weather system that drew in warm, moist air and prevented other weather patterns from moving through. Professor Maarten Ambaum, a meteorologist at the University of Reading, described it as a rare event that dumped more than double the expected annual rainfall in a single day.

While it is challenging to pinpoint the exact influence of climate change on this specific event, experts agree that such record-breaking rainfall aligns with global climate trends. Warmer air holds more moisture, leading to more intense rainfalls. Professor Richard Allan, a climate scientist at the University of Reading, notes that this extreme weather is consistent with a warming climate. A recent study predicts a potential 30% increase in annual rainfall across much of the UAE by the end of the century due to ongoing global warming.

In response to the flooding, Dubai announced a comprehensive rainwater drainage project called “Tasreef,” with a $8.2 billion investment under the leadership of Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum. This project aims to enhance the city’s resilience against extreme weather events and ensure readiness for future challenges.

Project Tasreef will significantly increase Dubai’s drainage capacity by 700%, enabling the system to handle over 20 million cubic meters of water per day. This substantial improvement aims to mitigate flooding risks during heavy rains. The project will cover all areas of Dubai, from urban centers to outlying regions, addressing drainage needs comprehensively to protect residents, businesses, and critical infrastructure.

Scheduled for completion by 2033, Tasreef underscores Dubai’s commitment to long-term sustainability. This initiative aligns with the city’s goal of becoming a global hub that is resilient to climate challenges.